Found FBA-2 Centennial / FBA-2C1 Bush Hawk XP / Expedition E350

The Found Bush Hawk family is a small but distinguished line of Canadian all-metal four-seat bush utility aircraft with roots stretching back to 1948. Designed for hauling people, cargo, and fish out of Canada's northern lakes and bush strips, the Found lineage has survived three corporate reincarnations and moved production across two continents — yet only around 100 aircraft have ever been built across all variants. That rarity is both its charm and its curse.

Found Brothers Aviation was founded in 1946 in Malton, Ontario by Nathan Keith "Bud" Found and his brother Sherman "Micky" Found, drawing on their bush flying experience from Edmonton up the Mackenzie River. The FBA-1 prototype first flew in 1949, and the improved FBA-2 prototype followed on 11 August 1960, with the first production FBA-2C flying on 9 May 1962. The FBA-2C was certified in 1964 and 27 examples were built before production shifted in 1966 to the larger Centennial 100 — named for Canada's 1967 centennial celebration — of which only five were built before the original Found Brothers Aviation shut down in 1967.

The design lay dormant until 1994, when Bud Found reacquired the rights. Found Aircraft Canada was re-established in Parry Sound, Ontario, and the modernized FBA-2C1 Bush Hawk (re-engined with a 300 HP Lycoming IO-540) entered production in 1998. The Bush Hawk XP and Bush Hawk-300XP variants followed, totaling roughly 37 aircraft. In 2007, Found launched the "Expedition Aircraft" brand with the FBA-2C3 Expedition E350 (tricycle-gear version, FAA certified December 2008) and FBA-2C4 E350XC (tailwheel). Found Aircraft Company entered receivership in 2013 and ceased trading in early 2014.

The story did not end there. In 2018 the type certificate and tooling were acquired by Pacific Aerospace of Hamilton, New Zealand (now NZAero), which relocated Expedition production to the southern hemisphere. NZAero markets the current E-350 Expedition with a 315 HP Lycoming IO-580 (an upgrade from the original IO-540) and continues to offer new-build aircraft to order.

The airplane itself is distinctive: a high-wing, all-metal, corrosion-proofed airframe with an enormous cabin (53 inches wide — widest in its class), a large cargo door, and four-door access (including two big rear cabin doors). It is a "flying truck" in the truest sense, carrying loads that rival a Cessna 206 from shorter strips, but with a cabin layout and loading geometry closer to a de Havilland Beaver. Fewer than 70 airworthy examples exist worldwide, and most are in commercial bush/floatplane service.

Total production across all modern variants (1998-present) is approximately 40-50 aircraft, with original Found Brothers production adding ~32 more for roughly 70-80 airframes built lifetime.

The Bush Hawk's 145 KTAS cruise at 75% power is genuinely quick for a 3,500 lb fixed-gear utility airplane — comparable to a Cessna 206 and notably faster than a Beaver or Cessna 185 on wheels. The airframe is clean by bush-plane standards, benefitting from tricycle or tailwheel options without the drag penalty of a pronounced bushwheel stance in stock form.

On floats (Wipline 3450 or similar), cruise drops to ~115-125 knots, gross weight rises to 3,800 lbs, empty weight climbs to ~2,325 lbs, and takeoff run stretches to 1,200 ft on water. Rate of climb on floats drops to ~820 fpm — still respectable, reflecting the generous IO-540 power and reasonable wing loading.

The 18,000 ft service ceiling is unusually high for a fixed-gear utility single and supports operations out of high-density-altitude Canadian north or Alaskan interior strips. Real-world cruise numbers closely match the book — owners on type forums report 140-147 KTAS at 75% power at 7,500 ft, with fuel burn typically 15.5-16.5 GPH.

The 100 US gallon fuel capacity gives the Bush Hawk a genuine 880 nm still-air range (wheels), translating to 5+ hour legs with VFR reserves — exceptional for a four-seater and a key advantage for bush operators crossing large expanses of lakes and tundra.

Short-field performance is good but not STOL-class: 750 ft ground roll and 1,330 ft over 50 ft obstacle at max gross is behind a Helio Courier or a maule-m-series M-7-235, but ahead of a cessna-185-skywagon C-185 and roughly comparable to a Kodiak on wheels. The airframe is best characterized as a long-range utility hauler, not a pure backcountry mountain airplane.

With 1,525 lb useful load and 100 US gallon (600 lb) fuel capacity, the Bush Hawk XP has excellent loading flexibility:

• Full fuel + 2 pax (400 lb) + 100 lb bags: 425 lb remaining for additional cargo or passengers — can carry 2 more adults or 400 lb of bush cargo with full fuel. Range at this weight: full 880 nm.
• Full seats (4 x 200 lb = 800 lb) + 150 lb bags: 575 lb available for fuel = 95 gal usable. Range: ~835 nm. Near full-fuel capability with four adults — rare in this class.
• Maximum cargo configuration (2 pilots, no rear seats): ~1,325 lb of cargo with full fuel, or ~1,925 lb with minimum VFR fuel (20 gal). This is the "flying pickup truck" mission.
• Float operations: gross rises to 3,800 lbs but empty weight also climbs, netting ~1,475 lb useful load. Still excellent for a seaplane in this class.

By comparison, a cessna-185-skywagon C-185 has ~1,600 lb useful load but only 74-84 gal fuel; a maule-m-series M-7-235 has ~950 lb useful load; a helio-courier H-295 has ~1,200 lb useful load; and a daher-kodiak-100 Kodiak 100 has ~3,500 lb useful load but costs 5x more. The Bush Hawk lives in a unique sweet spot: nearly Kodiak-level cabin volume and utility at piston-single operating cost, provided the owner can tolerate the orphan-manufacturer parts risk.

See backcountry-bush for mission scoring and insurance-underwriting, maintenance-ecosystem, valuation-methodology, and avionics-pricing for cross-cutting reference.

• Backcountry/bush (8/10): Large cargo door, 1,525 lb useful load, 750 ft takeoff, and cavernous cabin make it a serious bush platform. Loses points to STOL specialists (maule-m-series, helio-courier) on pure short-field numbers, and to the daher-kodiak-100 on turbine reliability. Excels on floats in Canadian/Alaskan operations.
• Cargo hauling (8/10): 1,525 lb useful load on wheels, 53-inch-wide cabin, huge rear cargo doors, flat floor. Genuinely competitive with a Cessna 206, with better cabin access.
• Cross-country (6/10): 145 KTAS and 880 nm range are strong, but 16 GPH fuel burn, limited support network, and no pressurization hold it back relative to high-performance cruisers.
• Business travel (5/10): Speed and range are acceptable but utility-category cabin and bush-plane ride quality are not optimal for suit-and-tie pax.
• Surveying (7/10): Stable platform, large windows, excellent endurance, and easy camera-port installations make it a decent survey mount, though it is expensive to insure in commercial roles.
• Flight training (2/10): 300 HP, complex high-performance endorsement required, rarity of type-familiar instructors.
• Local fun flying (5/10): Can do it, but it's an expensive and specialized machine for $200 hamburger duty.
• Aerobatics (1/10): Utility category only, not certified for aerobatics.

See backcountry-bush for mission scoring criteria.

Early Bush Hawks (1998-2003) typically came with conventional "six-pack" panels, a Garmin GNS 430 or 530, and a simple autopilot (S-TEC 30 ALT or Century II). Later Bush Hawk XP and E350 aircraft were delivered with Garmin GNS 430W/530W or early G500 PFD setups.

NZAero's current E-350 Expedition is delivered with a Garmin G500 TXi / GTN 750 stack as standard, Garmin autopilot (GFC 500 or equivalent), ADS-B Out compliance, and optional synthetic vision. Aftermarket upgrades are common in the existing fleet — many have been retrofitted to G500 TXi, GTN 650/750, and GFC 500 autopilots to remain competitive with newer bush aircraft.

See avionics-pricing for typical upgrade costs. A full Garmin refit for an older Bush Hawk will run $60-90K installed.

The Bush Hawk fleet is small enough that dedicated STC libraries are thin, but the following modifications are commonly seen:

• Wipline 3450 amphibious floats — major value-add; converts aircraft to amphibious operation; float install adds ~$150K to hull value
• Aerocet 3500 floats — lighter composite alternative to Wipline
• Airglas wheel-ski and hydraulic ski conversions — for winter bush operations
• Extended baggage — several owners have installed factory-option extended aft baggage
• Turbocharger installation — rare, but some operators in high-altitude service have retrofitted turbo-normalizing kits
• STOL kits — vortex generators (Micro AeroDynamics) and drooped wingtips for improved slow-flight
• TPE331 turbine conversion — was discussed by Found/Expedition and Pacific Aerospace as a future option; never certified for production

See valuation-methodology for how floats and avionics factor into resale.

• Parts availability: fair to poor for airframe-specific parts; Lycoming IO-540 parts are universally available. NZAero now serves as the type certificate holder and provides some airframe parts support, but lead times can be long and shipping from New Zealand is expensive. Owner community maintains shared parts databases.
• Mechanic familiarity: specialist. Few A&Ps outside of Ontario, Quebec, Alaska, and BC have hands-on Bush Hawk experience. The Canada Aviation and Space Museum holds one FBA-2C example as a reference artifact.
• Annual cost range: $18,000-30,000 for a privately-operated Bush Hawk, significantly higher ($35K+) for float-operated or commercial aircraft
• Overhaul cost: IO-540-L1C5 overhaul runs $40-50K; Hartzell three-blade prop overhaul $5-8K
• Expensive items: custom control cable runs, flap tracks, gear components, fuel cell repairs; plan on significant unscheduled spend per decade
• Type club: informal owner network; no official type club, though NZAero hosts occasional owner gatherings

See maintenance-ecosystem for the general GA maintenance framework.

Price range for 1998-2014 Bush Hawk / Bush Hawk XP / Expedition aircraft runs $250,000-$550,000 depending heavily on:

• Floats included: amphibious Wiplines add $140-180K over wheels-only
• Total time and engine SMOH: low-time airframes with mid-time engines command a premium
• Avionics: G500 TXi / GTN 750 panels add $50-80K over steam gauges
• Airframe damage history: bush-service aircraft often have prop strikes and strut replacements; clean-history examples command a 15-25% premium
• Corrosion status: salt-water float ops aircraft trade at significant discounts

A typical clean, mid-time Bush Hawk XP on wheels with GNS 530W and Garmin autopilot trades around $325-375K. Add $150K for amphib floats. A new NZAero E-350 Expedition is priced in the $950K-1.1M range depending on options.

See valuation-methodology for general valuation framework.

The Bush Hawk fleet has relatively few active ADs due to its small size, but a number of recurring issues are known:

• Corrosion in wing skins and fuselage belly — particularly on float-operated aircraft; corrosion-proofing was factory-applied but salt-water exposure still causes issues
• Flap actuator and flap track wear — heavy flap system sees hard use in bush service
• Main gear mount cracks on tailwheel variants — high landing loads on rough strips; check carefully on pre-buys
• Engine mount cracks — IO-540 torque on rough strips stresses the mount; inspect at every annual
• Orphan parts risk — with Found Aircraft Canada defunct since 2014, some airframe-specific parts are only available through NZAero, other owners, or custom fabrication
• Fuel tank seal leaks — integral wet-wing tanks can develop seep leaks with age
• Lycoming IO-540-L1C5 ADs — standard Lycoming fleet ADs (cylinders, crankshaft, oil pump) apply

The single biggest pre-buy concern is documentation and airworthiness continuity — several airframes have spent time on out-of-country registries or had lapsed annuals during the Found/Expedition ownership transition, so a thorough logbook audit is essential.

The Bush Hawk is categorized as a high-performance bush utility aircraft for underwriting purposes. Typical hull insurance is $3,500-6,000/year for private use, reflecting:

• High hull value ($300-500K)
• Orphan parts risk — insurers increase reserves for repair cost uncertainty
• Bush/float operations — higher exposure to prop strikes, gear damage, water loop incidents
• Limited claims history — small fleet means less actuarial data, pushing rates up
• Commercial operators pay significantly more — $8-15K/year for Part 135 bush operators

Underwriters typically require a high-performance endorsement, 500+ total hours, 100+ hours tailwheel (for tailwheel variants), and 25-50 hours make-and-model dual. Float operations require a seaplane rating and specific float time. See insurance-underwriting for general GA insurance framework.